A Catalog of Rotation and Activity in Early-M Stars
We present a catalog of rotation and chromospheric activity in a sampleof 334 M dwarfs of spectral types M0-M4.5 populating the parameter spacearound the boundary to full convection. We obtain high-resolutionoptical spectra for 206 targets and determine projected rotationalvelocity, vsin i, and H? emission. The data are combined withmeasurements of vsin i in field stars of the same spectral type from theliterature. Our sample adds 157 new rotation measurements to theexisting literature and almost doubles the sample of available vsin i.The final sample provides a statistically meaningful picture of rotationand activity at the transition to full convection in the solarneighborhood. We confirm a steep rise in the fraction of active stars atthe transition to full convection known from earlier work. In addition,we see a clear rise in rotational velocity in the same stars. In veryfew stars, no chromospheric activity but a detection of rotationalbroadening is reported. We argue that all of them are probably spuriousdetections; we conclude that in our sample all significantly rotatingstars are active, and all active stars are significantly rotating. Therotation-activity relation is valid in partially and in fully convectivestars. Thus, we do not observe any evidence for a transition from arotationally dominated dynamo in partially convective stars to arotation-independent turbulent dynamo in fully convective stars;turbulent dynamos in fully convective stars of spectral types around M4are still driven by rotation. Finally, we compare projected rotationalvelocities of 33 stars to rotational periods derived from photometry inthe literature and determine inclinations for a few of them.
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UBV(RI)C JHK observations of Hipparcos-selected nearby stars
We present homogeneous, standardized UBV(RI)C photometry forover 700 nearby stars selected on the basis of Hipparcos parallaxes.Additionally, we list JHK photometry for about half of these stars, aswell as L photometry for 86 of the brightest. A number of stars withpeculiar colours or anomalous locations in various colour-magnitudediagrams are discussed.
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The effect of activity on stellar temperatures and radii
Context: Recent analyses of low-mass eclipsing binary stars haveunveiled a significant disagreement between the observations andpredictions of stellar structure models. Results show that theoreticalmodels underestimate the radii and overestimate the effectivetemperatures of low-mass stars but yield luminosities that accord withobservations. A hypothesis based upon the effects of stellar activitywas put forward to explain the discrepancies. Aims: In this paper westudy the existence of the same trend in single active stars and providea consistent scenario to explain systematic differences between activeand inactive stars in the H-R diagram reported earlier. Methods: Theanalysis is done using single field stars of spectral types late-K and Mand computing their bolometric magnitudes and temperatures throughinfrared colours and spectral indices. The properties of the stars insamples of active and inactive stars are compared statistically toreveal systematic differences. Results: After accounting for a numberof possible bias effects, active stars are shown to be cooler thaninactive stars of similar luminosity therefore implying a larger radiusas well, in proportions that are in excellent agreement with those foundfrom eclipsing binaries. Conclusions: The present results generalisethe existence of strong radius and temperature dependences on stellaractivity to the entire population of low-mass stars, regardless of theirmembership in close binary systems.Tables 1 and 2 are only available in electronic form at the CDS viaanonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/qcat?J/A+A/478/507
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Further observations of Hipparcos red stars and standards for UBV(RI)C photometry
We present homogeneous and standardized UBV(RI)C JHKphotometry for over 100 M stars selected from an earlier paper on thebasis of apparent photometric constancy. L photometry has been obtainedfor stars brighter than about L = 6. Most of the stars have asubstantial number of UBV(RI)C observations and, it is hoped,will prove useful as red supplementary standards. Additionally, we listJHK photometry for nearly 300 Hipparcos red stars not selected asstandards, as well as L photometry for the brightest stars.
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New Estimates of the Solar-Neighborhood Massive Star Birthrate and the Galactic Supernova Rate
The birthrate of stars of masses >=10 Msolar is estimatedfrom a sample of just over 400 O3-B2 dwarfs within 1.5 kpc of the Sunand the result extrapolated to estimate the Galactic supernova ratecontributed by such stars. The solar-neighborhood Galactic-plane massivestar birthrate is estimated at ~176 stars kpc-3Myr-1. On the basis of a model in which the Galactic stellardensity distribution comprises a ``disk+central hole'' like that of thedust infrared emission (as proposed by Drimmel and Spergel), theGalactic supernova rate is estimated at probably not less than ~1 normore than ~2 per century and the number of O3-B2 dwarfs within the solarcircle at ~200,000.
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Catalog of Galactic OB Stars
An all-sky catalog of Galactic OB stars has been created by extendingthe Case-Hamburg Galactic plane luminous-stars surveys to include 5500additional objects drawn from the literature. This work brings the totalnumber of known or reasonably suspected OB stars to over 16,000.Companion databases of UBVβ photometry and MK classifications forthese objects include nearly 30,000 and 20,000 entries, respectively.
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Hipparcos red stars in the HpV_T2 and V I_C systems
For Hipparcos M, S, and C spectral type stars, we provide calibratedinstantaneous (epoch) Cousins V - I color indices using newly derivedHpV_T2 photometry. Three new sets of ground-based Cousins V I data havebeen obtained for more than 170 carbon and red M giants. These datasetsin combination with the published sources of V I photometry served toobtain the calibration curves linking Hipparcos/Tycho Hp-V_T2 with theCousins V - I index. In total, 321 carbon stars and 4464 M- and S-typestars have new V - I indices. The standard error of the mean V - I isabout 0.1 mag or better down to Hp~9 although it deteriorates rapidly atfainter magnitudes. These V - I indices can be used to verify thepublished Hipparcos V - I color indices. Thus, we have identified ahandful of new cases where, instead of the real target, a random fieldstar has been observed. A considerable fraction of the DMSA/C and DMSA/Vsolutions for red stars appear not to be warranted. Most likely suchspurious solutions may originate from usage of a heavily biased color inthe astrometric processing.Based on observations from the Hipparcos astrometric satellite operatedby the European Space Agency (ESA 1997).}\fnmsep\thanks{Table 7 is onlyavailable in electronic form at the CDS via anonymous ftp tocdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/qcat?J/A+A/397/997
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UBV(RI)C photometry of Hipparcos red stars
We present homogeneous and standardized UBV(RI)C photometryfor nearly 550 M stars selected from the Hipparcos satellite data baseusing the following selection criteria: lack of obvious variability (noHipparcos variability flag); δ<+10°(V-I)>1.7 and Vmagnitude fainter than about 7.6. Comparisons are made between thecurrent photometry, other ground-based data sets and Hipparcosphotometry. We use linear discriminant analysis to determine aluminosity segregation criterion for late-type stars, and principalcomponent analysis to study the statistical structure of the colourindices and to calibrate absolute magnitude in terms of (V-I) for thedwarf stars. Various methods are used to determine the mean absolutemagnitude of the giant stars. We find 10 dwarf stars, apparentlypreviously unrecognized (prior to Hipparcos) as being within 25pc,including five within 20pc.
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The Palomar/MSU Nearby Star Spectroscopic Survey.II.The Southern M Dwarfs and Investigation of Magnetic Activity
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1996AJ....112.2799H&db_key=AST
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An Extension of the Case-Hamburg OB Star Surveys
We have extended the Case-Hamburg OB star surveys to b = +- 30 degreesfor l = +- 60 degres using the Curtis Schmidt telescope and 4 degreeobjective prism at the Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory. Acatalog of 234 OB stars and other objects with peculiar spectra ispresented along with finding charts for those objects too faint to beincluded on the BD or CD charts. (SECTION: Stars)
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Preliminary Version of the Third Catalogue of Nearby Stars
Not Available
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New light on faint stars. I - The luminosity function in the solar neighbourhood
From photoelectric photometry of red dwarf stars identified in anobjective prism survey, a magnitude-limited complete sample has beendefined. Applying photometric parallaxes, calibrated for theKron-Cousins system by observations of trigonometric parallax stars,this sample is used to determine the space densities of stars withabsolute magnitudes between + 7 and + 12. The resultant luminosityfunction is consistent with the Luyten and Wielen functions for thesolar neighbourhood. An analysis of the stellar kinematics shows littlesignificant evidence of a substantial local population of low spacemotion M-dwarfs.
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Photometry of Southern Hemisphere red dwarf stars
Results are presented for a photometric investigation of aspectroscopically selected sample of red dwarf stars in the SouthernHemisphere. Absolute magnitudes and distances for the stars areestimated from broadband red colors. Three stars which may besubluminous are identified, as are several stars which may be within 25pc. The tangential velocity and velocity dispersion of the sample aresimilar to values found in other studies of nearby late-type stars.
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The space density and kinematics of dwarf M stars
The results of an objective-prism survey for dwarf stars, K7 and later,are presented. One hundred twenty-one red sensitive plates covering 1720sq. degrees of the southern sky were obtained with the Curtis Schmidttelescope at C.T.I.O. The resulting luminosity function rises from log N+ 10 = 7.9 at MV = 8 to about 8.7 at MV = 11 and12. About 75% of the dwarfs in this survey are identified with BPMstars, but inserting the proper motions given into the equations of themethod of mean absolute magnitudes yields values of MB aboutthree magnitudes brighter than the spectral types would indicate. Thatthe method of mean absolute magnitudes appears to be calibrated on starsof higher than average proper motion lends credence to the luminosityfunction result. A galactic mass density is found for the dwarfsconsidered.
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